Chapters 4 - 6 Test Review, Computing Fundamentals
Chapter 4 - Computer Software
Why have computers had such an impact? p. 57 - through the vision and
desire of software developers
What is computer hardware? p. 58 - anything you can touch (the keyboard,
mouse, monitor, chips, printer, CD recorders, disk drives)
What is software? p. 58 - instructions issued to the computer, or programs
What is debugging? p. 60 - finding and correcting errors in the code
What are the two basic types of computer software? p. 60 - applications
software and systems software
What does systems software refer to? p. 60 - the operating system and all
utility programs that manage computer resources at a low level. Without these,
the computer can't run any applications program.
Name the commonly used application programs. p. 61 - word processors,
database systems, presentation systems, spreadsheet programs, graphic design
programs
What are the three categories of systems software? p. 61 - operating
systems, utilities, and language translators
What does the operating system provide? p. 61 - an interface between the
user or application program and the computer hardware
What are utility software programs used for? p. 62 - managing the
computer's resources, file management, etc. (see chart on pg. 63)
What do language translators do? p. 63 - convert code written in a
programming language that uses a language based on English into machine
language that the computer can understand
When was the Macintosh introduced? p. 64 - 1984
When did IBM introduce its first IBM PC? p. 64 - 1981
What operating system came with the PC? p. 64 - DOS (Disk Operating
System), where the user interacts with the system by typing in commands
What is multitasking? p. 65 - It allows a single user to work on two or
more applications that reside in memory at the same time. (Windows 95 was MS's
first true multitasking operating system)
What are some new features of Windows 98? p. 65 - Internet integration,
system starts up and shuts down faster, support for the USB
What operating system is considered a portable operating system that can
run on just about any hardware platform? p. 66 - Unix
What allows a group of two or more microcomputers to be connected? p. 66 -
a network operating system
What is the user interface? p. 66 - the part of the OS that determines how
user friendly it is, and the part we interact with when using our computer.
What are the two most common types of user interfaces? p. 66 -
command-line interfaces (such as DOS) and graphical interfaces (such as
Windows and Mac OS)
How did command-line interfaces on all early computers work? p. 67 - you
had to type the exact command you wanted to execute
What does GUI stand for? p. 67 - graphical user interface (first
popularized by Macintosh) which lets you interact with your computer using
pictures and symbols as opposed to text
What do icons represent that are a part of a GUI? p. 68 - files, disks,
programs, and other objects
Chapter 5 - Essential Computer
Skills
Once the computer is up and running, you're looking at the ____ of the
GUI. p. 74 - desktop
What symbol appears as an arrow or an I-beam? p. 74 - Pointer
What is the horizontal or vertical bar that allows the user to control
which part of a list or document is currently in the window's frame? p. 74 -
scroll bar
What happens if you turn off the computer or unplug it without going
through the shutdown process? p. 75 - you'll see a warning screen when you
start the computer again reminding you that the system did not shut down
properly the last time, and the OS will check the disk drives for errors
In Windows XP, how do you shut down the computer? p. 75 - by clicking the
Start button and then selecting Turn Off Computer or Shut Down
What kind of storage media are floppy discs? p. 75 - magnetic
Now most storage media come _____ and ready to use. p. 75 - preformatted
When a floppy disk is formatted, it's organized into ___ and ____. p. 76 -
tracks and sectors
Opening a window is as easy as ____ an icon. p. 76 - double clicking
What are the top parts of a Window? p. 77-78 - a title bar at the top,
then a menu bar, and a row of buttons called the toolbar below the men bar
What button do you click to make the window fill the full screen? p. 78 -
maximize
What button makes the window disappear from the screen though it's not
closed and displays it as a button on the taskbar? p. 78 - minimize
How do you move a window? p. 78 - move the mouse pointer over the title
bar, hold down the button and drag the window to its new location
Can you have more than one file in a folder with the same name? p. 80 - no
To delete a file in Windows Explorer, open the folder where the file is
located, select the file, right-click to display the shortcut menu, and select
____. p. 81 - delete
When you delete a file, it's sent to the ____. p. 81 - Recycle Bin
To select a group of adjacent files, click the first file to select it,
then hold down the ___ key and select the last file in the list. p. 82 -shift
To start a program that doesn't have an icon on the desktop, click the
____ button, point to All Programs. p. 83 - Start
On what menu will you find Save As? p. 83 - File
Can you have more than one instance of the same program open? p. 85 - yes
When the installation of new software is complete, the installation wizard
may indicate that the computer needs to ____ before the program will be
available. p. 87 - reboot
Applications software is upgraded to fix problems and to make the software
more compatible with other products, such as newer ____ or a new operating
system. p. 88 - hardware
While it's often beneficial to upgrade software, there are also negative
aspects of upgrading. You may run into compatibility problems trying to
install newer software on older hardware. Sometimes if you upgrade too soon,
you risk problems with software that was released too quickly and may have
____ that were not all worked out yet. p. 88 - bugs
Chapter 6 -
Using Technology to Solve Problems
What is technology? p. 93 - the application of scientific discoveries as
tools for solving problems
The computer plays a major role in the ________ boom. p. 94 - technology
What is problem solving? p. 95 - the systematic approach leading from an
initial situation to a desired situation that's subject to some resource
constraints
What is the problem solving process? p. 95 - A) Define the problem. B)
Investigate and analyze the problem. C) Identify possible solutions - there
may be several.. D) Select and implement a solution. E) Evaluate solutions.
Many word-processing programs have advanced features that allow you to
perform _______ and _______-like functions. p. 97 - spreadsheet and database
Name some examples of word-processing programs. p. 98 - MS Word,
WordPerfect, Lotus WordPro
What does a word processor's merge feature allow? p. 98 - It allows you to
merge data files into other documents
What kind of programs are used in business to produce financial analyses?
p. 99 - spreadsheets such as MS Excel or Lotus 1-2-3
What is a database? p. 100 - an organized collection of data (such as MS
Access, dBASE, and SOL)
What kind of software is used to create automated slide shows? p. 101 -
presentation software
Give examples of graphics software. p. 102 - MS Paint, Corel Draw, and
Adobe Studio
Examples of multimedia software extension examples. p. 102 - .MP3, .QT,
.MOV, .AVI, .MPG . . .
Some Internet features. p. 103 - distance learning, teleconferencing,
e-mail, search engines
Name some popular search engines. p 103 - Excite, Hotbot, Mamma,
AskJeeves, Google
What do you enter in a serach engine to find sites that contain
information you need? p. 103 - keyword
What software allows you to connect to the Internet and view Web pages? p.
104 - browsers (such as Netscape and Internet Explorer)
What software is used to organize appointments, telephone messages,
projects, and tasks to be completed? p. 104 - PIMS (Personal information
management software)
What are some of the situations that have benefited from technological
solutions? p. 105 - entertainment, electronic banking, medical and health
care, dangerous tasks, repetitious tasks